Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Dairy Cattle:
- Early 2024- An unknown milk drop syndrome was identified in adult, mid- to late-lactation dairy cattle in the Texas panhandle area, and later affected dairies in Kansas and New Mexico.
- March 25, 2024 – Cattle on a Texas dairy were confirmed with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) virus that has been circulating in poultry and wild birds in the United States since 2022. Since then, numerous dairies across many states have tested positive for HPAI.
- Infected animals show a severe drop in rumination, feed intake, and milk production. Milk appears thick, discolored, and clumpy. Unlike other species affected by HPAI, dairy cattle do not die, but recover in health and some milk production over the course of weeks.
- It appears that all the cases in dairy have spread from 1 initially infected farm. The route of spread could be via milk, animal movement (even those that are not showing illness), people and equipment.
- April 24, 2024 – USDA issued a federal order stating that milk from lactating dairy cattle must test negative for HPAI before those cows cross state lines. Some exceptions exist: see the Dairy Cattle Testing for Avian Influenza document below.
- October 23, 2024 – UDAF Enacts Mandatory Surveillance for Cache County Dairies
- October 30, 2024 – Avian Influenza Confirmed in Utah Dairies
2024 Dairy HPAI Utah Detections
| Week of | Dairies Tested | Positive Samples | Under Quarantine | Released from Quarantine | Counties Tested | Counties Affected | Counties Under Mandatory Surveillance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10/21/24 | 37 | 8 | 8 | 0 | Cache | Cache | Cache |
| 10/28/24 | 45 | 11 | 13 | 0 | Cache | Cache | Cache |
| 11/11/24 | 66 | 7 | 12 | 1 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 11/18/24 | 67 | 5 | 7 | 5 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 11/25/24 | 69 | 3 | 5 | 2 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber, Salt Lake | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 12/2/24 | 67 | 2 | 3 | 2 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 12/9/24 | 68 | 2 | 2 | 1 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 12/16/24 | 71 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Box Elder, Cache, Weber, Wasatch, Sanpete | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
| 12/27/24 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Cache | Cache | Box Elder, Cache, Weber |
The latest information on this type of outbreaks can be found on the USDA Website.
Bovine HPAI Certified Tester Training Program:
To facilitate this testing, UDAF has developed a Bovine HPAI Certified Tester Training Program, so producers can collect these milk samples themselves to streamline compliance with the new rule.
Sample Collection Materials:
Other Resources:
- HPAI Signs in Cattle
- HPAI Positive Herd Management Plan
- HPAI Monitoring Program Flyer
- Dairy Cattle Testing for Avian Influenza
- Owner – Hauler Form
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Dairy Cattle
- Recommendations for Fairs and Exhibitions
- Biosecurity for Dairies
- HPAI in Poultry
- Financial assistance for producers related to HPAI testing and biosecurity
